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Ambiguous results on shifting demands from public to
                   private sectors
                   The older population’s tendency to consult either private or public doctors
                   has declined, but dual utilisation of both public and private sectors has
                   increased from 49% to 61% amongst voucher users.


                   Did you usually consult public doctors or private doctors or
                   both for general illness? (n=905)


                   100%
                    90%
                    80%
                                    49%
                    70%                                               61%
                    60%
                    50%
                    40%             24%
                    30%                                               17%
                    20%             22%
                    10%                                               19%
                      0              5%                               3%
                             Prior to their use of voucher       After using voucher

                     Both public and private doctors
                     Public doctors only
                     Private doctors only
                     Seldom/never seen doctors

                   The average attendances at the HA GOPCs between those who used
                   vouchers for private sector medical consultation and those who have not
                   used vouchers were not significantly different, suggesting that there seems
                   to be no apparent relief of the pressure in the public sector as a result of the
                   EHCVS.

                   Average attendances at GOPC for those who used vouchers
                   for private Western medical consultation (voucher users) and
                   those who did not (non-voucher users), from 2009 to 2015
                   (N=551)


                       4.0
                    Average number of attendances  at GOPC   3.0
                       3.5
                       2.5
                       2.0
                       1.5
                       1.0
                       0.5
                        0
                           2009     2010     2011     2012     2013     2014     2015

                      Non-voucher user
                      Voucher user


            Sources: FHB, 2019; Yeoh et al., 2020








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